That organ is symbolic thinking build on pattern matching. It is indeed responsible for all of what you describe. As one of its functions. In this case, it creates that perceived spiritual reality by translating the unfathomable (that is, parts of reality outside our senses and/or awareness) into coherent message expressed in combined fragments of already acquired person's private vocabulary.

Thus you may see Moon and its gravity as a mystery woman and Sun with its electromagnetic flares as a powerful ruler. You are presented with a legible representation of otherwise incomprehensible forces. And we interact with all these forces. We are made of them. Of course there is tremendous (also practical) knowledge in such communication. But since few have access to Large Hadron Collider, it's definitely easier to “tune in” to Sun, Moon, or Stars.

When it comes to what probably fascinates you the most – life after death – there is a famous question: Where does the flame go when it goes out? Suffice to say, Akashic records are the universe itself. They are the quantum soup of interacting matter-energy-information equivalent waves. And as I already said, we (better said our body-minds) are made of those waves too.